4 results
Using SMS surveys to understand songbird ownership and shark product consumption in Indonesia
- Nuruliawati, Ulfah Mardhiah, Ade Indah Muktamarianti, Efin Muttaqin, Sheherazade, Selly Surya, Agung Nugroho, Cahyo Rahmadi, Daniwari Widiyanto, Matthew Leggett, Sofi Mardiah, Diogo Veríssimo
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- Journal:
- Oryx , First View
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 06 November 2023, pp. 1-11
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The unsustainable use of wildlife increases the risk of species extinction. In biodiversity-rich Indonesia, information on the scale of wildlife use is limited and requires further study. To address this, we explored the potential of text messaging (short message service; SMS) surveys to investigate levels and spatial patterns of domestic wildlife use, using songbird keeping and shark consumption as case studies because of their widespread occurrence in all 34 Indonesian provinces. We sent 340,000 messages for each survey during October–November 2018 and incentivized responses with a mobile data package as reward. We obtained survey response rates of 1.4% (songbird ownership) and 1.5% (shark consumption). Our results revealed an estimated 175.7 million songbirds being kept by 35% (80.4–86.6 million) of the Indonesian population and 33.5 million people (14% of the Indonesian population) to have consumed shark products in their lifetime. We identified hotspots of songbird ownership in several provinces in Java, corroborating previous findings, and new ones in the North Sumatra province, for example. The provinces of Maluku, Aceh and East Nusa Tenggara had the highest numbers of reported shark consumers per 1,000 people. Responses indicated a wide variety of shark products being consumed, highlighting the need for in-depth research to understand the explanatory factors behind these practices. These findings demonstrate the potential of SMS surveys to be a cost-effective approach for conducting large-scale studies on wildlife consumption patterns over a short period of time.
SG-APSIC1042: Cutaneous cryptococcosis in patient with advanced HIV disease: Is it possible to give antifungal monotherapy?
- Visakha Revana Irawan, Agung Nugroho, Pearla Lasut
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- Journal:
- Antimicrobial Stewardship & Healthcare Epidemiology / Volume 3 / Issue S1 / February 2023
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 16 March 2023, p. s11
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Objectives: Cryptococcus infection is one of the major human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)–related opportunistic infections, and the CD4 count falls below 100 per µL. Primary treatment for HIV-associated cutaneous cryptococcosis is amphotericin B (AmB) plus flucytosine. Methods: We present the case of a man with advanced HIV disease who developed whole-body cutaneous lesions yet improved with high-dose fluconazole alone. Results: A 33-year-old Asian man with a medical history of pulmonary tuberculosis and cryptococcal meningitis with complete treatment, injection drug use, and HIV infection with default of antiretroviral treatments (ART) 3 years earlier, presented to the emergency department with fever, oral thrush, and 30-pound weight loss over 6 weeks. He also had plaques, multiple hard papulonodules with central ulceration, and macular skin lesions all over his body of varying size. Blood cultures were negative for bacteria growth, but fungal microscopy of the blood culture showed unspecific hypha. Histopathology examination of the skin biopsy showed a classic “soap bubble” appearance, which is associated with Cryptococcus infection. Laboratory values revealed anemia (8.6 g/dL), leukopenia (2.9 ×109/L), lymphopenia (58/µL), and thrombocytopenia (145 ×109/L). The CD4 cell count was 18/µL, and the serum viral load was 638.665 copies/mL. Lumbar puncture could not be performed due to patient refusal. Treatment with high-dose fluconazole (1,200 mg) for 3 months was initiated and is planned to continue with consolidation and maintenance dose. ART was administered 4 weeks after starting antifungal therapy. His fever resolved and slow regression of the skin lesions occurred after treatment was given. Conclusions: Cutaneous cryptococcosis was assessed by biopsy of the cutaneous lesion, which is essential to confirming the diagnosis. In the case of cryptococcosis, skin infection may indicate a further progression of advanced HIV disease. In HIV-infected patients with Cryptococcus findings in any part of the body, a lumbar puncture should be considered to rule out central nervous system infection. Although neither AmB nor flucytosine was given due to unavailability in this area, the patient improved. In resource-limited settings, high-dose fluconazole alone may be useful as an alternative treatment, although it is also very challenging.
2 - An insider's view of e-governance under Jokowi: political promise or technocratic vision?
- from PART 1 - CONNECTIVITY
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- By Yanuar Nugroho, Honorary Research Fellow, Manchester Institute of Innovation Research, University of Manchester, Manchester; and Deputy Chief of Staff for Analysis and Oversight of Strategic Issues on Social, Cultural and Ecological Affairs, Executive Office of the President (Kantor Staf Presiden), Republic of Indonesia, Jakarta, Agung Hikmat, Advisor and Senior Official for Open Government, Executive Office of the President (Kantor Staf Presiden), Republic of Indonesia, Jakarta
- Edited by Edwin Jurriens, Ross Tapsell
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- Book:
- Digital Indonesia
- Published by:
- ISEAS–Yusof Ishak Institute
- Published online:
- 12 January 2018
- Print publication:
- 09 May 2017, pp 21-37
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Summary
This chapter provides an insider's perspective on some aspects of the digital strategy of the Joko Widodo (Jokowi) administration—both authors hold positions in the Executive Office of the President (Kantor Staf Presiden, or KSP). Among the priorities Jokowi has continuously emphasised is the need to enhance the nation's competitiveness (Ministry of State Secretariat 2014). As he often said during his presidential campaign, one way to achieve this is to make all government services available and accessible online. Another motivation for promising to introduce a full range of electronic services, from e-planning and e-budgeting through to e-catalogue, e-procurement and even e-complaint handling, was to realise the benefits of e-governance for government administration. Jokowi anticipated that the roll-out of electronic government would help to reduce corruption and improve the transparency and accountability of the bureaucracy, in addition to widening the participation of citizens in policy-making (Ministry of State Secretariat 2014). That is, he saw putting government services online as a means not only to deliver better public services and facilitate collaboration, but also to bolster the credibility of his government (Raharjo 2015).
E-governance has transformed the way governments deliver services to citizens, increasing the convenience, efficiency and transparency of interactions (Carter and Belanger 2004). The core elements of e-governance are information and communication technology (ICT), organisational change and new skills (Pina, Torres and Acerete 2007). E-governance improves public services and democratic processes and strengthens public support for government programs by increasing the quantity and quality of government interactions with citizens and businesses (Denhardt and Denhardt 2000).
This chapter offers a critical perspective on the Jokowi administra-tion's e-governance strategy. It aspires to draw out some of the lessons that have been learned so far: what has worked and what has not; which factors have enabled or constrained implementation; and the strengths and weaknesses in the overarching framework. This is important, because there are always consequences—both intended and unintended—that need to be taken into account when implementing any ambitious government program (Chen et al. 2006). Through an examination of how e-governance is being implemented by the Jokowi administration, we hope to reach an understanding of whether the president's vision is on track to be realised, or will remain in the realm of political promise.
Camera trapping rare and threatened avifauna in west-central Sumatra
- Yoan Dinata, Agung Nugroho, Iding Achmad Haidir, Matthew Linkie
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- Journal:
- Bird Conservation International / Volume 18 / Issue 1 / March 2008
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 11 March 2008, pp. 30-37
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Tropical forests are becoming increasingly degraded and fragmented by logging, which can affect the survival of forest bird species in different ways. In this study, we present avifauna data collected from a monitoring programme in west-central Sumatra that set camera traps in three study areas with different habitat types, levels of degradation and protection status. From 5,990 camera trap-nights, 248 independent bird photographs were recorded, comprising four orders and nine species, including three endemic species. The Great Argus Pheasant (Argusianus argus) was recorded in all study areas and most frequently (n = 202 photographs), followed by the threatened Salvadori's Pheasant (Lophura inornata). The greatest diversity of bird species (five) and abundance index (1.44 bird photographs/100 trap-nights) was recorded from a primary hill-submontane forest site located inside Kerinci Seblat National Park (KSNP) bordering degraded forest in a former logging concession recently repatriated into KSNP. However, inside a primary-selectively logged hill-submontane forest site spread over KSNP and an ex-logging concession, a Sumatran Ground Cuckoo (Carpococcyx viridis) was photographed. This species is noteworthy because prior to this study it had only been documented once since 1916. It is therefore crucial to use the camera trap results to increase the protection status for the ground cuckoo area. This has already happened in the other two study areas, where camera trap data have been used to reclassify the areas as Core Zones, the highest level of protection inside KSNP. This study illustrates how routine monitoring can have wider benefits through recording, and conserving, threatened and endemic non-target species in unexpected habitats that might not otherwise have been surveyed.